| | By Made by History / Produced by Olivia B. Waxman | On his first day back in office, President Donald Trump issued an executive order attempting to eliminate birthright citizenship by questioning the intentions of the 14th amendment. While lawsuits countering the executive order continue to wind their way through the courts, the future of birthright citizenship is uncertain. But as Anna O. Law details in Made By History, birthright citizenship was purposely enshrined in the 14th amendment to secure rights for the most vulnerable members of American society, formerly enslaved African Americans and their descendants. Prior to its passage, free African Americans were subjected to discriminatory state laws that restricted their movement, along with threats that they could be forcibly removed to other countries. Birthright citizenship was meant to foreclose these exclusionary practices by guaranteeing that all people born on U.S. soil were full citizens with the right to live, work, and move freely within the country. The stakes of today's legal battle couldn't be higher; the question before us is whether America will move toward or away from the Founders' vision. | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | This week in 1969: Preparing for the Moon landing |  | The July 18, 1969, cover of TIME |
| TIME |
| "Up to 60 lbs. of documented rocks will then be placed in a second aluminum sample box, along with core samples and the aluminum solar particle collector, and sealed. Before they depart, the astronauts will leave behind three items of symbolic import: a 3-ft. by 5-ft. U.S. flag stiffened with thin wire so that it will appear to be flying on the windless surface of the moon; a silicon disk bearing good-will messages for posterity from world leaders, including President Tito, Pope Paul and Queen Elizabeth; and a metal plaque bearing the names not only of the three astronauts, but also of President Richard M. Nixon, a fact that has stirred some criticism." |
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| | This week in 2004: Democratic nominee for President John Kerry (at right) and running mate John Edwards |  | The July 19, 2004, cover of TIME |
| Gregory Heisler |
| "But there are still a few things about each other that are going to take some getting used to, things that even Kerry's hyperefficient team of more than 100 lawyers and vetters missed–like the fact that Edwards has something of a substance-abuse problem. 'You ask me what I've learned [about Edwards]?' Kerry said. 'This man drinks a lot of Diet Coke.' The North Carolinian who would be a caffeine-and-sodium-buzzed heartbeat away from the presidency subsequently admitted that 'on a good day' he has been known to open four before noon, at which point Kerry pronounced himself stunned, seized the can from Edwards and started reading the nutrition label aloud. 'Sodium, 2%. Protein, John, zero,' he called as Edwards scrambled for the door. As for himself, Kerry owned up: 'When I drink Coke, I have to drink the real thing, because of the sugar in it.'" |
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| This week in 2010: Only children |  | The July 19, 2010, cover of TIME |
| Gregg Segal |
| "Generally, those studies showed that singletons aren't measurably different from other kids — except that they, along with firstborns and people who have only one sibling, score higher in measures of intelligence and achievement. No one, Falbo says, has published research that can demonstrate any truth behind the stereotype of the only child as lonely, selfish and maladjusted. (She has spoken those three words so many times in the past 35 years that they run together as one: lonelyselfishmaladjusted.) Falbo and Polit later completed a second quantitative review of more than 200 personality studies. By and large, they found that the personalities of only children were indistinguishable from their peers with siblings." |
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