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Why a historian is looking to the election of 1800

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By Made by History / Produced by Olivia B. Waxman

As war continues abroad, a partisan battle has emerged at home—with the majority of Democrats supporting Ukraine and Republicans increasingly opposing aid to the embattled country (and some even expressing outward allegiance to Russia). Will these divides over foreign policy impact the 2024 election? Historian Lindsay Chervinsky suggests that the answer may be found in an electoral battle over two centuries ago, between incumbent President John Adams and challenger Thomas Jefferson. 

In the election of 1800, the first two American political parties—the Federalists, led by Adams, and the Democratic Republicans, led by Jefferson—declared their loyalties to different nations at war with one another: Great Britain and France. While George Washington had kept the country neutral during his first two terms, Adams had to navigate intensifying partisan pushes—and growing misinformation—to take a side on events abroad. When Adams decided to prioritize peace negotiations, his party fractured and Jefferson pounced on the electoral benefits of it. As Republicans today are grappling with growing divisions in the party over Ukraine and former President Trump’s growing support for Russia, Chervinsky argues that partisan diplomatic splits may once again play a role in the election.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Dan David Prize, the largest history prize in the world (and a sponsor of Made by History), annually awards $300,000 each to nine early and mid-career scholars and practitioners in historical disciplines, acknowledging their outstanding achievements to date and to support future work. Anyone can nominate a practitioner in the relevant disciplines, and nominations for the 2025 Prize are open until Sept. 30. For more information visit  dandavidprize.org/nominate .

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